What distinguishes parental kidnapping from other forms of kidnapping?

Parental kidnapping is specifically characterized by the relationship of the individual to the child, which makes option B the distinguishing factor. In cases of parental kidnapping, typically one parent or legal guardian unlawfully takes or retains their child against the wishes of the other parent or legal guardian, often violating custody agreements. This inherent relationship adds a layer of complexity, as it involves familial ties that differentiate it from other abduction cases where the perpetrator may not have any legal or biological relationship with the victim.

The nature of the relationship affects the legal implications and the emotional dynamics of the situation, making it a unique form of kidnapping. This is why understanding the individual's connection to the child is crucial in classifying incidents as parental kidnapping. Other aspects, such as the intended duration of the abduction, the location of the crime, or the involvement of accomplices, do not fundamentally alter the distinction of the offense as primarily based on the relationship involved.