Which of the following does Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibit?

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 specifically prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This landmark legislation was created to promote equal opportunity in the workplace and to eliminate barriers for marginalized groups. As such, the correct answer highlights the prohibition against discrimination based on sex, which includes protections against unequal treatment in hiring, promotion, job assignments, and other employment terms and conditions.

The other options, while related to important civil rights issues, do not fall under the purview of Title VII. For example, discrimination based on political affiliation is not covered under Title VII, and the act primarily addresses discrimination in the context of protected characteristics rather than political beliefs. Additionally, while Title VII does apply to employees in private companies that meet certain conditions (15 or more employees), it does not specifically prohibit discrimination simply based on being in a private sector; it is focused on the nature of the discrimination itself. Lastly, employment discrimination based on age is addressed under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) and not under Title VII. Thus, the prohibition against discrimination based on sex is indeed a core component of Title VII.